Posts Tagged ‘noel valdes’

Transplanting Strawberries

Sunday, May 5th, 2013
New Strawberry Beds

New Strawberry Beds

I try to keep three beds of strawberries in rotation and moving through the garden.  Bed one contains the newly transplanted plants.  Bed two holds one year old plants, and the third bed, two year old plants.  New plants yield little, but the one and two year old plants yield well.  Fall transplanting might make for better yields, but I prefer to transplant in spring when my clayey beds are very wet.  The strawberries are less susceptible to stress and need very little additional care once transplanted.

Strawberry production decreases noticeably in plants older than two years.   The older beds are also difficult to keep weeded, so it’s been easiest for me to just to rip out the oldest bed, save some new plants for transplanting and compost all the weeds and old plants.

Last year I never got around to starting a new bed.  I had ripped out an older bed with the intent of transplanting, but just never finished the job.   So I came into this spring with a two year old bed and a three year old bed.  I prepped two new beds to get back into the rotation I want.  I’ll be out of kilter for a year, but this transplanting went smoothly, and I should be on track going forward.

Old Strawberry Beds

Old Strawberry Beds

The three year old bed the I’ve been tearing up is on the right and a two year old bed to the left.  Strawberries are constantly putting out runners so there is never a shortage of new material to work with.  The paths, filled in with runners, are a great source of babies for transplanting.

A Broadfork Lifts Out Plants Easily

A Broadfork Lifts Out Plants Easily

Strawberries are tough.  You can walk on them, weed them aggressively, and pretty much beat them up without them dying or even showing much stress.  They do need a lot of water to do their best however,  especially when they are setting fruit.  I use my broadfork to lift out and loosen large sections of berries and weeds together.  Then  I use my CobraHead Weeder to separate the plants.

New and Old Strawberry Plants

New and Old Strawberry Plants

It’s very easy to decide which plant to keep and which to toss out.  Old plants  have a woody root structure.  New plants produced by runners will have only root and no sign of a woody core.  If in doubt, I just toss that plant, as I have so many new ones to work with.

Transplanting is merely a matter of pushing the young plants into their new home and watering them in.  They suffer very little transplant shock.  The picture at the top of the post shows the new beds with the plants watered in.   In past years I’ve spaced new plants about 18 inches apart and let runners fill in the gaps, but being behind this year, I’ve loaded up the beds with new plants, spacing them about six inches apart.  I’ve worked in a lot of compost and I’ll  feed them more as the year progresses, so I think we’ll have a great crop next year.

Happy Transplanted Strawberries

Happy Transplanted Strawberries

This picture, taken one day after transplanting and after a soaking rain, shows how quickly the strawberries have rebounded.  Strawberries are easy to grow because they reproduce so aggressively and don’t need much care.  Once started, you never have to buy new plants.  And if you didn’t already know this, the strawberries you grow at home taste way better than those sold in grocery stores.

 

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Plenty of Compost

Wednesday, April 17th, 2013
Lots of Compost

Lots of Compost

Compost solves everything!  Well, not quite, but one can garden in compost alone and you cannot have too much.  This year I’m way ahead.  I’ve got a pile of ready to apply material (the smaller pile in the picture).  And even though it’s still too wet in the garden beds to do much work, I took advantage of two unexpected warm and dry days to turn the pile I had created throughout last year.

Last Year's Compost Pile

Last Year’s Compost Pile

This is what I started with.  The picture was taken in December.  The pile is all the plant residue left from the harvests, all the weeds I harvested,  plus the contents of a 55 gallon drum of household compost we collect.  I talk about using the barrels to save household compost here and here.

I took last year’s pile and moved it over about 10 feet.  Turning the pile will speed up the decomposition and accelerate the cooking process that breaks down plant material into compost.

Turning the pile could be very difficult and time consuming.  The layers of spent plants, twigs, stalks and stems form a matted layer that is woven together and very hard to separate.  Trying to scoop it off and separate it with a fork or shovel approaches futility.

Manure Fork, Spear Head Spade, 5-Tine Cultivator

Manure Fork, Spear Head Spade, 5-Tine Cultivator

That’s where the old five-tine cultivator again shows itself to be a multi-dimensional tool that should still be made.  I used that tool to rip apart the matted mess.  Then forking the compost to the new pile becomes quite easy.  The third tool I use is a shovel with a novel design that I was introduced to two years ago at the Philadelphia Flower Show.  It’s sold under the trade name Spear Head Spade.  Its small sharp and strong head makes it ideal for slicing through hard soil and plant material.  It’s very easy to use to cut compacted soil and cut into and through plant material.  So with these three tools, a manure fork, an old fine-tined cultivator, and a Spear Head spade, I turned over this very large pile of compost in just a few hours.

I also used the old five-tined tool to loosen and level the soil where last year’s pile resided.  I laid down some stalks from the semi-wild patch of Jerusalem artichokes I have growing in the area.  That’s where I’ll build this year’s compost pile to keep the process going.  Compost is extremely easy to make.  It’s a naturally occurring process and good gardeners covet it.  I’m lucky I have a large area and ample inputs to have almost all the compost I could want.

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Starting Seeds – Better Late Than Never

Tuesday, April 9th, 2013

Seeding Tomatoes

Were I growing vegetables for money, I’d make sure I got my seeds started on a very specific schedule.  But as a casual home gardener, I don’t have to worry much about getting everything exactly right.  I’m just getting most of my seeds started now, and by the rules, some are a little late.  That doesn’t bother me a lot.  I’ve learned that you have a lot of latitude in growing your own food, and most of the “rules” are only guidelines, not commandments.

I should have had my peppers, brassicas. celery, and a lot of other crops started around March 15th.  But I know from past experience that I can still have excellent output starting these crops as late as May 1st, and I probably could even cheat on that date.

I’ve been using 5 ounce Dixie cups as my favorite seed starting container for quite a few years.  I like them because they are large enough to handle most any seed and they are biodegradable.  I just toss them onto the compost pile after I’ve emptied them out.  In the last couple years I’ve also switched from concocting my own potting soils to just using commercially prepared mixes.  It’s so much easier and the results for me have been so much better than what I was getting with my home made formulas.  And by results, I mean healthy and heavy root sets.

Seeds in Cups

Seeds in Cups

The Dixie cups are not very stable so to keep them from tipping over I put them into a flat lined with newspapers.  The picture here shows seeded cups on trays ready to be moved to flats.  From here they will go to the basement for some bottom heat and grow lights.  I talk more about the cups in flats here.

The big advantage of starting your own seeds is cost.  You can purchase a hundred seeds for what one plant would cost from a garden center or farm market.  But variety is a close second to cost.  I’m starting 27 different tomatoes, most of them heirlooms that would not be available to me otherwise.  And while I save a lot of seeds, I buy most of my seed from the small seed companies that are working hard to save the unusual, the historical, and the usually better tasting varieties than what mega-agriculture is trying to force on us.  The little seed companies are really the people that make gardening the most interesting for me.

 

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Tripod Orchard Ladder

Tuesday, March 19th, 2013
Tripod Ladder

Tripod Ladder

I’ve wanted an orchard ladder for a long time and I finally got one.  They are also called fruit picking ladders or tripod ladders, but there are other tripod ladders out there that are not designed specifically as orchard ladders.  The better orchard ladders are lightweight aircraft aluminum and the good manufacturers are just about all on the west coast.  That makes it a problem if you are not located near a major fruit growing industry.  These ladders are not available everywhere, and the shipping costs for a single ladder can be more than the cost of the ladder itself.

The ladder in the picture is made by a company called Tallman Ladders  out of Hood River, Oregon.  My internet searching had already convinced me Tallman was among the best ladders available, and when they responded to my quote request by telling me they had a dealer in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin, I was pretty sure it was going to be a Tallman Ladder for me.  I contacted the local dealer, whose family business is a cherry orchard, the ladders are a sideline.  He quoted me a price that was almost $150 less than if I had a single ladder shipped from the west coast.  The next day, I drove to the dealer, 16 miles away, and returned home with my new 10′ tripod ladder.

I got to try the ladder out Saturday afternoon and Sunday.  I trimmed my two dwarf pear trees and started to work on my four dwarf apples.  My only regret is that I did not buy one of these ladders 20 years ago.  The footing with these is rock solid.  There is no wobble at all, and the three point structure with a single pole third leg allows the user to get the ladder much closer to the work than with a standard four-point ladder.   It makes the work of pruning, and I’m sure spraying, other tree maintenance and harvesting, easier, faster, and safer.

This ladder should last me the rest of my gardening career and I’m looking forward to spending much more time working on my fruit trees than I have in the past.

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Extra Early Sweet Potato Starts

Sunday, January 13th, 2013
Sweet Potatoes and Cuttings

Sweet Potatoes and Cuttings

I had two sweet potatoes left over from last year.  I had used them to grow cuttings for last year’s garden. They were starting to shrivel up but both had put out numerous long sprouts.  The sprouts were rather anemic and one plant had an aphid infestation, but I thought I’d give a try to saving cuttings from both to get a real head start on having lots of good rooted slips ready to go into the ground in late May.

Sweet potatoes are tenacious at hanging on to life and almost any part of a plant, if given good conditions, will root and produce a new plant.  Sprouts, especially, are very easy to get to root.  A long sprout can be cut into smaller sections and each of those sections can also root.  So I removed all the sprouts from the potatoes, cut them down to manageable lengths and potted them all into a large box.  I also planted the old sweet potatoes into potting soil just to see if they would survive and put out more sprouts.

Before I planted the sprouts I rinsed them with cold water to flush away most of the aphids.  After I potted them, I sprayed them lightly with a neem oil, soap mix, which I hope finishes off any remaining aphids.

A Simple Frame

A Simple Frame

Indoor Sweet Potato Greenhouse

Indoor Sweet Potato Greenhouse

 To construct my simple green house, I used some plant markers and lengths of PVC tubing to create a frame over which I just laid a folded large piece of thin poly.

Sweet Potato Sprout Leafing Out

Sweet Potato Sprout Leafing Out

I haven’t checked the temperature under the plastic but it’s noticeably warmer than room temperature.  Our sun room gets pretty chilly at night and sweet potatoes like it hot.  The sprouts are leafing out nicely.  The task now will be keeping the plants alive and healthy until they are ready to plant.  I only need 18 plants and I already have 21 cuttings, so my chances are good.  And I’m sure I can find some gardeners eager to take any extra slips I end up with.

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Last of the Leeks

Saturday, December 15th, 2012
Leeks Under Leaves

Leeks Under Leaves

I took the opportunity of a nice afternoon yesterday to harvest the leeks remaining in the garden.  I had piled up leaves around them to prevent them from freezing.   I could have left them in a while longer, but with rains today and tomorrow, to be followed by some very cold nights, now was the time to get them out of the ground.

Cleaning Out the Leaves

Cleaning Out the Leaves

The Narrow Blade Gets in Tight Areas

The Narrow Blade Gets in Tight Areas

I used my CobraHead Long Handle to clean away the leaves packed around the leeks.  It works well for that task, much easier than trying to use a rake or scraping them out by hand.  The soil was quite soft under the leaves.  If the soil were bare, it would have been frosted.  The insulating properties of the leaves really make a noticeable difference.

Using a Garden Fork to Harvest Leeks

Using a Garden Fork to Harvest Leeks

A garden fork made it easy to the lift the leeks out without doing any damage.  While I had lots of nice fat ones and many long stems, they weren’t uniformly perfect.  Next year, I’m going to follow advice from Eliot Coleman that I learned in a talk of his I attended.  In his greenhouses, he uses a specially designed one inch diameter dowel as a dibble and makes a nine inch deep hole.  He puts a pre-sprouted leek in each hole, but does not fill the soil back in.  He lets the soil in the holes fill itself back in as the holes are watered and naturally collapse.  This method produces uniform long stemmed leeks and I can’t wait to try it.

Some Nice Fat Ones

Some Nice Fat Ones

Here are the leeks ready to be cleaned.  This final harvest represents about one quarter of the leeks we’ve harvested from one bed this year.

After Removing the Roots and Leaves

After Removing the Roots and Leaves

Normally I would wash them outside after cutting off most of the root, but as it was just above freezing and I’ve already put the hoses away for the winter, I just cut off the roots and most of the leaf material.

Almost Clean Leeks

Almost Clean Leeks

Here is the almost finished product.  The final preparation is to clean off any bad ends and dark green leaves, saving only the white and light green parts.

We cut the leek through most of the length, leaving the root portion intact and wash any dirt that may be between the layers.  These leeks will be frozen.  Prep from here is merely to dice and put in freezer bags.  Frozen, they are ready for soups, stir fries and sautés.

Leeks are easy to grow, their culture is pretty much the same as onions.  They almost never have any disease or bug problems and most good cooks consider them an essential vegetable.

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Compost Mountains

Friday, December 14th, 2012
Twin Peaks, Wisconsin

Twin Peaks, Wisconsin

Geologists tell us that Wisconsin was once a land of huge mountains with crests as tall as the Rockies.  That Precambrian topography has since gone through quite a few changes.  While the state still has some gorgeous and impressive hills, spectacular snow capped ranges are not part of the scenery.  I’m working to change that.  Here are two mountains of compost covered  by our first significant snow of the winter.

Just last year, the smaller pile – elev.  53″ (1.34 M), was taller than the large one is now, but a turn and a burn have reduced it to less than a third its original size.  It’s still cooking very slowly, but is pretty much ready to start feeding the garden next spring.

The large pile – elev. 72″ (1.83 M), is this year’s collection of weeds and crop residues.  I’ll give it a turn next year and work in the sludge I’ve created in a 55 gallon drum, where I collect all the household compostable materials before I work it into the pile of drier outdoor material.

I talked about the sludge and the worms that miraculously show up in my compost in two previous posts:  Noel’s Sense of Snow and Compost and  Working Worms.

I have a larger property so I have the advantage of an easy-to-work open site, but compost can be made on a very small scale, and enclosed in containers.  If you garden and you can make compost, you should.

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Cold Frames Ready for Spring

Monday, December 3rd, 2012

Cold Frames

These two cold frames should be in production right now, but as can happen,  I never got around to seeding them this September.  If I had, we’d be eating salad greens, right now.   I’ve had several plantings  with some excellent  production out of my one frame:  Greens Under Glass,  and the second one was give to me this summer by my friend Dave Peterson, who was the primary instigator in getting them built.  I discussed the construction of them in a post simply titled Cold Frame.

Dave never got around to using his frame, and when his wife opted for daffodils over salad greens, I was quite happy when he asked if I wanted it.

The frames are in my compost area, so I don’t have any need for soil amendments.  I’ve worked up the soil, cleaned out the weeds, and positioned the frames facing south.   I’ll be ready to plant in early March.  I’ll just need to scratch up the soil and direct seed or move in some transplants.  Next fall I hope to be more diligent about getting some greens started and having a harvest that lasts well into the winter.

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Advantages of Open Raised Beds

Friday, November 16th, 2012

Open Raised Beds

As I work on putting my garden to bed for the winter I’m realizing how much I like working with open raised beds.  I’ve been working with them for nearly thirty years.  Soon after starting my Wisconsin garden in 1986, I knew that, for me at least, maintaining a relatively large garden did not require power equipment and I gave away my rototiller.   All the work in my raised bed garden is done with hand tools.

I’ve become an advocate for growing food intensively in open raised beds.  It’s a great way to grow a lot of food without a lot of outside inputs.   Open raised beds have been around about as long as people have been growing food, but the method I’ve developed and refined over the years is based mostly on the well-known book HOW TO GROW MORE VEGETABLES  by John Jeavons.  The book was my rudimentary instructor, but I’ve modified things to suit my garden and what works well for me.

North Beds

The overview of the system is that instead of planting crops in rows, the garden is composed of beds of loose soil.  The gardener only walks in the paths surrounding the beds, thus soil compaction is nearly eliminated.  The beds are seeded or planted so that as the crops mature they cover the bed with leaf growth which helps suppress weeds.  Plants spaced in a pattern covering the entire width of the beds yield far larger harvests per area than possible by traditional planting in rows.

As I prepared the beds for winter this year several things that make this system work so well became very apparent.  Because I’m constantly adding organic matter, because I never walk on the beds, and because I’m constantly rotating different crops though the beds, my once impossibly hard clay soil is continually getting softer.  Much of the garden has achieved a friability that I could only have dreamed of just a few years ago.

I use my old five-tined cultivating hoe to occasionally rip the paths loose and put the rich soil back into the beds.  The paths build up as the beds flatten out so I have to put that build-up back into the beds every second or third year.  I did a major path clean up this year and moved a lot soil back into the beds.

What I find quite interesting is that the paths, for all their dense clay texture, seem to hold more worms per cubic area of soil than the beds.  Clay is not the enemy a lot of gardeners make it out to be.

16 Inches of Super Soft Soil

In the bed pictured above, you can see a yardstick that I easily shoved 16 inches down into the soil.  Unlike row gardening, the soil in these beds never gets walked on or driven over with a tiller or tractor, so with the continual addition of compost and leaf mold, coupled with the effect of rotating different crops though the beds, the soil gets softer and softer.

Raised Beds Can Help Weed Control

Raised beds can be quite easy to weed  The paths can be scalped clean with a scuffle hoe and the weeds in the beds can often be scalped off or pulled out using a stand up tool (we find our CobraHead Long Handle does a good job, here), and in the beds the soil is often so soft that weeds can be removed by hand with no tools at all.

Keeping the paths weed free also helps confine weedy areas to a manageable situation.  I do not have the time I wish I had to garden, so at least if an area gets out of control, it is confined and corralled by cleanly weeded paths.  This is especially important in areas where I have perennial plants, herbs, and strawberries in particular.  The weeding in these beds sometimes gets away from me, and occasionally the only logical option to get them back in shape is to rip them out totally and replant, which I have to do for strawberries, every third year anyway.

South Beds with Leaves

 

North Beds with Leaves

I try to get the beds completely covered with leaves every fall.  An alternative to this would be to use cover crops, but leaf cover is proving to be very effective and I think a lot easier than maintaining cover crops.  In spring I just rake the leaves into the aisles where they act as a weed suppressing mulch and eventually break down into leaf mold.

I’m just about done with the garden until spring.  I still have some leeks and Brussels sprouts  being protected by a cover of leaves.  They will need to get harvested soon, and there are some carrots and beets and a few edible greens under the hoop tunnel.  I’ll work at getting a few more leaves into the beds, but mostly the garden is finished and the work is under control.  Now I can start planning for next year.

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CobraHead LLC and Green Bay Drop Forge Keep Garden Tool Manufacturing in Wisconsin

Wednesday, November 7th, 2012

We are happy to have had a relationship with Green Bay Drop Forge since the inception of our company.  Below we tell more about the challenges and benefits of keeping our manufacturing in Wisconsin.

Cambridge, WI – November 2012 –

Bucking the trend of shifting manufacturing overseas, the partnership between CobraHead Tools and Green Bay Drop Forge shows how Wisconsin manufacturing can produce a quality product and retain local jobs.

CobraHead’s founder, Noel Valdes, had developed the idea for a gardening hand tool. He had the patent pending design idea, and he had the market data to show the demand. What he was missing was a reliable, domestic hand tool forging source and the necessary metallurgical and production expertise. “I had made it my mission to have the tool made locally instead of overseas”, says Valdes. “I set out to find a partner in the Midwest who I could work with and trust.”

“Finding Green Bay Drop Forge, a well established Midwestern forger with a sincere willingness to be a partner to us, was the answer. Green Bay Drop Forge immediately showed exceptional and friendly encouragement in helping us get the tool designed and produced. They developed prototype-manufacturing prints and established tooling and manufacturing costs for both prototype and full production runs”, says Valdes.

By partnering with Green Bay Drop Forge from the very beginning, CobraHead, LLC has developed a unique forged hand tool unlike any other. It has been enthusiastically endorsed by the most respected gardening journalists and horticulturists in the US, Canada, and the UK. “Over the years, Green Bay Drop Forge has consistently delivered exceptional quality, manufacturing expertise, and service. They are reliable and always accessible. We would simply not exist as a company without Green Bay Drop Forge. They are a true partner to us.”

To read more from Green Bay Drop Forge please visit http://www.greenbaydropforge.com/case-studies/cobrahead-llc

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